The Contestation of Immigration, Ethnic Diversity and Citizenship – The Annual Conference of the Dutch and Belgian Political Science Associations Workshop Chairs: Christof Roos (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) and Costica Dumbrava, (Maastricht University) In most European countries mainstream political parties and the general society seem to have accepted the fact that they have become immigration countries over the past four decades. Governments have sought to actively define and manage their immigrant population by imposing distinct entry and residence conditions for particular groups of migrants (refugees, family migrants, types of labour migrants). In many countries of destination integration policies targeted immigrants’ social wellbeing and their economic performance. A series of reforms of citizenship laws relaxed provisions on dual citizenship mainly in order to ensure the smooth integration of immigrants. European countries politically and legally adapt to ever more diverse and globalized European societies. However, immigration is not without contestation. New social movements are…